Naming and formulas of some of the common acids and bases.
· Binary Acids
A binary compound consists of two elements.
A binary compound consists of two elements.
Binary acids have the prefix hydro in front of the full name of the nonmetallic element. They have the ending -ic. Examples include hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acid.
Examples :
a. Hydrofluoric Acid – HF
b. Hydrochloric Acid – HCl
c. Hydrobromic Acid – HBr
d. Hydroiodic Acid – HI
e. Hydrosulfuric Acid - H2S
· Ternary Acids
Ternary acids commonly contain hydrogen, a nonmetal, and oxygen.
Ternary acids commonly contain hydrogen, a nonmetal, and oxygen.
The name of the most common form of the acid consists of the nonmetal root name with the -ic ending, The acid containing one less oxygen atom than the most common form is designated by the -ous ending. An acid containing one less oxygen atom than the -ous acid has the prefix hypo- and the -ous ending. The acid containing one more oxygen than the most common acid has the per- prefix and the -ic ending.
Examples :
a. Nitric Acid - HNO3
b. Nitrous Acid - HNO2
c. Hypochlorous Acid – HclO
d. Chlorous Acid - HClO2
e. Chloric Acid - HClO3
f. Perchloric Acid - HClO4
g. Sulfuric Acid - H2SO4
h. Sulfurous Acid - H2SO3
i. Phosphoric Acid - H3PO4
j. Phosphorous Acid - H3PO3
k. Carbonic Acid - H2CO3
l. Acetic Acid - HC2H3O2
m. Oxalic Acid - H2C2O4
n. Boric Acid - H3BO3
o. Silicic Acid - H2SiO3
· Bases
a. Sodium Hydroxide – NaOH
b. Potassium Hydroxide – KOH
c. Ammonium Hydroxide - NH4OH
d. Calcium Hydroxide - Ca(OH)2
e. Magnesium Hydroxide - Mg(OH)2
f. Barium Hydroxide - Ba(OH)2
g. Aluminum Hydroxide - Al(OH)3
h. Ferrous Hydroxide or Iron (II) Hydroxide - Fe(OH)2
i. Ferric Hydroxide or Iron (III) Hydroxide - Fe(OH)3
j. Zinc Hydroxide - Zn(OH)2
K. Lithium Hydroxide - LiOH
No comments:
Post a Comment